Léandre GUIGMA is manager of PERSPECTIVE, an architecture and urban planning agency based in Ouagadougou, and a doctoral student in urban studies at the University Paris 8 Vincennes Saint-Denis. His research and expertise focuses on the development of Ouagadougou's so-called "unplanned" working-class neighborhoods and the actors involved. He is also working on the design of urban planning and development tools for several cities in Africa, notably Burkina Faso.